Lam, Wifredo

Biography

Born in Sagua La Grande, Cuba, in 1902, Wifredo Lam received a scholarship from the municipality of his native city to study in Europe in 1923. At the age of 21, he left for Spain, where he spent 14 years. He trained as a painter in Madrid, frequenting the Prado Museum and the Archaeological Museum. In 1938, Lam arrived in Paris and met Pablo Picasso. The latter introduced him to many artists of the time, such as Georges Braque, Henri Matisse, Fernand Léger and Joan Miró. Lam held his first solo exhibition in 1939. He became close to the Surrealists and illustrated the poem Fata Morgana by André Breton. He then returned to Cuba, where he met Aimé Césaire during the crossing. Back in his homeland, Lam became interested in Afro-Cuban religious rituals, which greatly inspired his art. His work also bears witness to a strong political commitment, triggered by his return to Cuba and his dismay at the misery of black people under the Batista regime. He exhibited at MoMA in the 40s and caused a scandal with his painting The Jungle. In the 1960s, he took up engraving and participated in the creation of portfolios such as Le Rempart de brindilles by René Char (1963) or The Annunciation by Aimé Césaire (1969). He continued this engraving work until his death in 1982.